Contract Agreement usage in African Countries
Angola
Contract Agreements – Angola
International contract forms such as FIDIC and New Engineering Contract (NEC) are commonly used, mostly in large scale projects. Some locally structured agreements may be available, or alternatively, agreements from neighbouring territories may be used – Prior to contract agreements being compiled, developers are advised to consult locally based professional consultants to establish norms and standards to be adhered to.
Botswana
International contract forms such as FIDIC are used mostly in Public Sector and Mining Sector projects, and to a very limited extend in Private Sector projects. A locally developed agreement (Botswana Institute of Development Professions form commonly referred to as the BIDP) is widely used in addition to the JBCC suite of contract forms developed in South Africa. These documents, and other alternatives, are available from professional organisations in the Botswana and SA construction industries.
Ghana
Contract Agreements – Ghana
In addition to International contract forms such as FIDIC and New Engineering Contract (NEC) the World Bank Conditions of Contract are recognised. Other agreements such as the Ghana Public Procurement Board’s Conditions of Contract for Procurement of Works; and the General Conditions for Works Contracts financed by the European Development Fund (EDF) are commonly used. These documents, and other alternatives, are available partially online and from professional organisations in the Ghanaian construction industry.
Kenya
Contract Agreements – Kenya
The contracts in use in Kenya, but not limited to: FIDIC; World Bank / AfDB Contract; JBCC (Joint Building and Construction Council – formerly Joint Building Council (JBC) contracts; PPOA building contract for Government and Public Works; Agreement and Conditions of Contract for small construction works; Design and Build custom contracts. These documents, and other alternatives, are available from professional organisations in the Kenyan construction industry.
Lesotho
Contract Agreements – Lesotho
International contract forms such as FIDIC and New Engineering Contract (NEC) are commonly used, mostly in large scale projects. Some locally structured agreements may be available, or alternatively, agreements from neighbouring territories such as South Africa may be used – Prior to contract agreements being compiled, developers are advised to consult locally based professional consultants to establish norms and standards to be adhered to.
Malawi
Contract Agreements – Malawi
International contract forms such as FIDIC and New Engineering Contract (NEC) are commonly used, mostly in large scale projects. Some locally structured agreements may be available, or alternatively, agreements from neighbouring territories may be used – Prior to contract agreements being compiled, developers are advised to consult locally based professional consultants to establish norms and standards to be adhered to.
Mauritius
Contract Agreements – Mauritius
In the public sector the most commonly used form of contract is the General Conditions of Contract (GCC) as developed by the Public Procurement Office (PPO) for all scales of projects. For large scale projects PPO also allows international standard forms such as FIDIC and the World Bank Standard Conditions of Contract. In the private sector, FIDIC conditions of Contract is the most commonly used. The CIDB Conditions of Contract for Minor works as developed by the Construction Industry Development Board (the local regulator for the construction industry) is often used on small scale projects. These documents, and other alternatives, are available from professional organisations in the Mauritian construction industry.
Mozambique
Contract Agreements – Mozambique
International contract forms such as FIDIC and New Engineering Contract (NEC) are commonly used, mostly in large scale projects. Some locally structured agreements may be available, or alternatively, agreements from neighbouring territories may be used – Prior to contract agreements being compiled, developers are advised to consult locally based professional consultants to establish norms and standards to be adhered to.
Namibia
Contract Agreements – Namibia
International contract forms such as FIDIC and New Engineering Contract (NEC) are commonly used, mostly in large scale projects. Documents used in South Africa are commonly used locally including the JBCC suite of contract documentation in the building sector, and General Conditions of Contract (GCC) for the engineering sector. These documents, and other alternatives, are available from professional organisations in the SA construction industry.
Nigeria
Contract Agreements – Nigeria
Whilst International developers do use contract forms such as FIDIC and New Engineering Contract (NEC), primary locally structured agreements are commonly used, including the Nigerian Construction Industry for Building Projects Design and Build Articles of Agreement and Conditions of Contract (2018), as well as The Nigerian Construction Industry Articles of Agreement and Conditions of Contract for Building Projects (2018). These documents, and other alternatives, are available from professional organisations in the Nigerian construction industry.
Rwanda
Contract Agreements – Rwanda
International contract forms such as FIDIC and New Engineering Contract (NEC) are used on occasion, mostly in large scale projects. Locally structured agreements have been developed, including the Rwandan Government RPPDA contract for the majority of both small and large projects. The local practice is to permit lending organisations to determine documentation requirements. These documents, and other alternatives, are available locally.
South Africa
Contract Agreements – South Africa
International contract forms such as FIDIC and New Engineering Contract (NEC) are commonly used, mostly in large scale projects. Numerous locally structured agreements have been developed, including the JBCC suite of contract documentation in the building sector, and General Conditions of Contract (GCC) for the engineering sector. These documents, and other alternatives, are available from professional organisations in the SA construction industry.
Swaziland
Contract Agreements – Swaziland
International contract forms such as FIDIC and New Engineering Contract (NEC) are commonly used, mostly in large scale projects. Some locally structured agreements may be available, or alternatively, agreements from neighbouring territories such as South Africa may be used – Prior to contract agreements being compiled, developers are advised to consult locally based professional consultants to establish norms and standards to be adhered to.
Tanzania
Contract Agreements – Tanzania
International contract forms such as FIDIC and World Bank forms are commonly used, mostly in large scale projects. Numerous locally structured agreements have been developed, including the Public Procurement Regulatory Authority (PPRA forms), National Construction Council (NCC / TIQS forms), ADB (African Development Bank) and BADEA forms of contract. These documents, and other alternatives, are available from professional organisations in the SA construction industry.
Uganda
Contract Agreements – Uganda
International contract forms such as FIDIC, World Bank (IBRD), African Development Bank (ADB), EU Form of Contract, US Government Forms of Contract and Islamic Development Bank contract are commonly used where appropriate. Numerous locally structured agreements have been developed, including the East African Institute of Architects (EAIA Blue Book) and Government of Uganda form of Contract (PPDA). These documents, and other alternatives, are available from professional organisations in the SA construction industry.
Zambia
International contract forms such as FIDIC and New Engineering Contract (NEC) are commonly used, mostly in large scale projects. Some locally structured agreements may be available, or alternatively, agreements from neighbouring territories may be used – Prior to contract agreements being compiled, developers are advised to consult locally based professional consultants to establish norms and standards to be adhered to.
Zimbabwe
Contract Agreements – Zimbabwe
International contract forms such as FIDIC and New Engineering Contract (NEC) are commonly used, mostly in large scale projects. Some locally structured agreements may be available, or alternatively, agreements from neighbouring territories may be used – Prior to contract agreements being compiled, developers are advised to consult locally based professional consultants to establish norms and standards to be adhered to.